In April 2026, most Australian student bank accounts are automatically scheduled to “age out” once your graduation date passes. However, simply letting the bank move you to a standard transaction account could mean missing out on significant graduate perks and specialized credit limits designed for new professionals.



1. Why You Should Switch (The 2026 Benefits)

In 2026, the “Big Four” banks (CBA, Westpac, ANZ, NAB) use graduate accounts as a way to “lock in” future high earners.

FeatureStudent AccountGraduate Account (2026)
Monthly Fees$0 (while studying)$0 for 12–36 months post-grad.
OverdraftsSmall ($500–$1,000)Tiered limits up to $2,000+ (interest-free).
Home Loan PerksNoneBonus offset account links for your first home.
Credit CardsLow approval ratePre-approved low-fee credit cards (income based).
CashbackStandard student offers“Professional Starter” cashback (e.g., tech/office gear).



2. The “Automatic Trap”: Don’t Be Passive

If you do nothing, most banks will convert you to a Standard Transaction Account (like CommBank Smart Access or Westpac Choice) about 3–6 months after your graduation date.

  • The Fee Risk: Standard accounts often have a $5 monthly fee unless you deposit at least $2,000 per month.
  • The Missed Perk: If you manually “claim” your graduate status, banks like Westpac and CBA often waive that $2,000 deposit requirement for the first year of your career, regardless of your starting salary.



3. How to Switch in 3 Steps

  1. Check Your “Graduation Date”: Ensure your bank has your correct final semester date. You can usually update this in your app’s “Personal Details” section.
  2. Request the “Graduate Package”: Don’t wait for them to contact you. Use the “Chat” feature in your banking app and say: “I am graduating in [Month] 2026. Can I be moved to the Graduate Advantage/Specialist package?”
  3. Link Your New Salary: Once you land your first job, ensure your salary is deposited into this account. Many 2026 graduate accounts offer bonus interest rates on savings if you deposit at least one “professional paycheque” per month.



4. 2026 Comparison: Top Graduate Offers

  • Commonwealth Bank (CommBank): Known for the best app tools (Spend Tracker and Bill Sense). They often extend the $0 fee for users under 30, even after graduation.
  • Westpac: Currently offering a $50–$100 “Double U” Cashback for new graduates who open a savings account alongside their transaction account in 2026.
  • ANZ Plus: A digital-first option that provides a high variable interest rate with no monthly fees, making it a favorite for graduates who don’t need physical branches

1. The 2026 “Two-Hour Rule”

In April 2026, Flywire’s Best Price Guarantee (BPG) is the most powerful tool for international students to bypass high exchange rate margins.

The Golden Rule: You must obtain a lower quote from your bank and submit it to Flywire within 2 hours of creating your payment request. If you wait longer, the quote is considered “stale” due to market volatility.



2. How to Use Flywire’s Price Match Guarantee

The step-by-step strategy to force a lower exchange rate for your 2026 tuition.

Most students accept the first rate Flywire offers. However, if your university uses Flywire, you can technically “force” them to match your local bank’s rate—often saving you between $500 and $2,000 AUD on a single semester’s fee.



Step 1: Create a Flywire Request (Do Not Pay Yet!)

Log in to your university portal and initiate a Flywire payment. Select “Bank Transfer in Local Currency” (e.g., INR, AED, or CNY).

  • Crucial: Other payment methods like Credit Cards or E-wallets are not eligible for the price match.
  • Note your Payment ID: You will need this for the claim.



Step 2: Get a Competing Bank Quote (The 2-Hour Window)

Immediately contact your local bank or use their online portal to get a “Sell Rate” for the same amount of AUD.

  • The Proof Required: You need a screenshot or document showing the Bank Name, the Exchange Rate, the Total Amount in local currency, and a Time Stamp.
  • Forbidden Proof: Google rates, XE.com, or Yahoo Finance screenshots are not accepted. It must be a quote from a regulated financial institution.



Step 3: Submit the Claim via Chatbot

In 2026, Flywire has moved all BPG claims to their Online Chatbot.

  1. Go to the Flywire Help Center.
  2. Open the Chatbot and type “Best Price Guarantee.”
  3. Upload your bank proof and provide your Payment ID.



Step 4: Wait for the Approval

Flywire typically reviews claims within 1–2 business days.

  • If Approved: They will update your Payment ID with the lower rate. You then instruct your bank to send the funds in your local currency (not AUD).
  • If Denied: They will explain why (usually because the bank quote didn’t include “all fees”).



3. Flywire BPG Eligibility Checklist (2026)

RequirementMust Meet?Details
Payment MethodYesMust be a Local Currency Bank Transfer.
Time FrameYesBank quote must be within 2 hours of Flywire booking.
Minimum Amount$3,000 USDRequired to receive a “gift card” bonus (if applicable).
StatusUnpaidYou cannot claim a price match after the money is sent.



4. The “Hidden Fee” Trap in 2026

When comparing your bank’s rate to Flywire, ensure the bank quote includes all associated fees (Swift fees, cable charges, and intermediary bank fees).

Pro-Tip: If your bank quote doesn’t explicitly list these fees, Flywire will often apply a “standard flat fee” adjustment to your quote, which might make the price match less attractive. Always ask your bank for an “All-Inclusive” quote.



5. Why Universities Prefer Flywire

While you are hunting for the best rate, remember why your uni chose Flywire in 2026:

  • Automated Reconciliation: The moment your money hits Flywire, your student portal usually updates to “Paid” automatically.
  • Payment Security: Flywire acts as the official agent, meaning if the money goes missing, the university is responsible for finding it, not you.

If you’ve recently received an invoice for tuition fees, you’ve likely seen a “Pay with Flywire” button prominently displayed on your university portal. While traditional bank transfers (SWIFT) have been the standard for decades, Australian universities now almost exclusively recommend Flywire or Convera for international payments.

Here is why universities prefer these platforms and what it means for your wallet.



1. The “Missing Money” Problem (Tracking & Reconciliation)

The #1 reason universities recommend Flywire is for automatic reconciliation.

  • The Traditional Bank Problem: When you send a SWIFT transfer from a local bank in India, China, or the UAE, the university often receives the money without your student ID or name attached due to intermediary bank stripping. This leads to “unidentified funds” and delays in your CoE (Confirmation of Enrolment).
  • The Flywire Solution: Flywire assigns a unique reference number to your transaction. The moment the money moves, the university’s finance dashboard updates in real-time. This ensures your payment is credited to your student account instantly.



2. Elimination of Intermediary Bank Fees

Traditional banks use a network of “corresponding banks” to move money globally.

  • The “Short Payment” Trap: You might send exactly $20,000 AUD, but by the time the money reaches Australia, three different banks have taken a $25 fee. The university receives $19,925, and you are left with an outstanding balance.
  • Flywire’s Fixed Amount: Flywire guarantees that the amount the university receives is exactly what you see on the screen. No hidden “middle-man” fees are deducted during transit.



3. 2026 Comparison: Flywire vs. Traditional Bank

FeatureFlywire / ConveraTraditional Bank (SWIFT)
Exchange RateOften slightly higher (1–2% margin).Varies; sometimes better, sometimes worse.
Transfer Speed2–3 Business Days.3–7 Business Days.
TrackingReal-time SMS/Email alerts.None (you must ask for a SWIFT MT103).
Local Support24/7 multilingual support.Limited to your local branch hours.
Best Price GuaranteeYes (usually matches bank rates).No.



4. The “Best Price Guarantee” Hack

Many students avoid Flywire because they think the exchange rate is poor. However, in 2026, Flywire offers a Best Price Guarantee.

  • How it works: If you can prove your local bank offers a better total price (including all fees) for the same amount within 24 hours, Flywire will often match that rate.
  • Tip: Always get a quote from your bank first, then compare it to the Flywire portal before hitting “Confirm.”



5. Safety and Fraud Prevention

In 2026, “Tuition Fee Scams” are at an all-time high. Scammers often offer students “discounted” rates (e.g., pay $10,000 for a $12,000 invoice).

  • Universities recommend Flywire because it is a closed-loop, secure system. By using the official link in your student portal, you eliminate the risk of sending money to a fraudulent account or a “middle-man” agent who might disappear with your funds.

With the Department of Home Affairs utilizing real-time data matching, “just saying yes” to an extra shift can be a $4,600 mistake (the cost of a new visa application if yours is canceled). Communicating your 48-hour fortnightly limit to a manager requires a balance of professionalism and firmness. Here is how to protect your visa while maintaining a good relationship with your boss.



1. The “Legal Obligation” Script

In 2026, managers are more aware of “Visa Integrity” laws because they face heavy fines for allowing students to overwork. Use “compliance” language rather than “personal” excuses.

The Script:

“Hi [Manager’s Name], thanks for thinking of me for the extra shift. However, I’ve checked my rolling fortnight total, and picking this up would put me over my legal 48-hour visa limit. I need to stick to my current roster to remain compliant with my visa conditions. I’m happy to pick up extra hours once the new fortnight resets on [Date]!”



2. Why “No” is a Protected Answer

Under the Fair Work Act, an employer cannot take “adverse action” (firing you or cutting your future shifts) against you for exercising a legal right or complying with a legal requirement.

  • The 2026 Reality: If a manager pressures you to work “off the books” or “for cash” to bypass the 48-hour rule, they are asking you to commit a crime. Protect yourself first.



3. Strategic Ways to Say “No” Based on Timing

ScenarioThe Professional ApproachWhy it Works
Last-Minute Call“I’m at my 48-hour limit for this fortnight. I can’t take this one, but I can do a double next week during the break.”Offers a solution for the future.
Roster Overlap“My total hours across both my jobs hit 48 on Friday. I have to decline the Saturday shift to stay legal.”Clarifies that the limit is cumulative.
The “Pushy” Boss“My visa is my priority to stay in Australia. I legally cannot exceed 48 hours. Let’s look at the next roster cycle instead.”Sets a firm boundary on residency.



4. 2026 “Pro-Active” Management Tips

Don’t wait for the phone to ring. Use these steps to prevent the awkward conversation:

  1. Update Your Availability: Most workplace apps (Tanda, Deputy, WorkJam) allow you to set a “Hard Cap” on hours. Set yours to 23 hours per week (to stay safely under the 48-hour fortnight).
  2. The “Pinboard” Method: If your workplace uses a physical roster, write “Max 24hrs/week – Visa Limit” next to your name.
  3. Keep the Paper Trail: If a manager pressures you over text to work more than 48 hours, save that screenshot. It is vital evidence if you are ever audited by Home Affairs or need to go to Fair Work.

1. The “Single Source of Truth” Strategy

The biggest risk of multiple jobs is “fragmented data.” Job A uses one app, Job B uses a paper timesheet, and Job C is a freelance gig. In 2026, you must consolidate these into one Personal Master Log.

  • Use a Neutral App: Don’t rely on your employer’s internal app (like WorkJam or Tanda). Use a third-party app like Clockify or Toggl Track where you can create different “Projects” for each employer.
  • Labeling: * Project 1: #Retail_Coles
    • Project 2: #NDIS_Support
    • Project 3: #Tutoring_Private
  • The Benefit: You can see a “Dashboard” view of your total hours for the current fortnight across all labels instantly.



2. Mastering the “Rolling Fortnight” with Multiple Rosters

Since your jobs likely have different roster cycles (e.g., one releases shifts on Wednesday, the other on Friday), you need a forward-looking view.

Fortnight WeekJob A (Coles)Job B (Café)Total HoursVisa Status
Week 115 Hours10 Hours25 HoursSafe
Week 215 Hours8 Hours48 HoursMAXED OUT
  • The “Emergency” Buffer: If you are working two jobs, never aim for exactly 48 hours. Aim for 44–45 hours. This gives you a small buffer in case a manager asks you to stay 15 minutes late at one job, preventing an accidental visa breach.



3. 2026 Tech Hack: Use a “Fortnightly Spreadsheet”

For high-traffic SEO and maximum utility, many students are switching to Google Sheets synced with their phone.

  1. Column A: Date.
  2. Column B: Employer Name.
  3. Column C: Hours Worked.
  4. Column D: A “Running Total” formula that resets every 14 days (starting on a Monday).
  5. Conditional Formatting: Set the cell to turn RED if the total exceeds 48.



4. Communication is Your Best Defense

In 2026, transparency with your employers can save your visa.

  • The “Limit Disclosure”: Explicitly tell both managers: “I have a legal limit of 48 hours per fortnight across all my roles.”
  • The Roster Lock: Ask your “Secondary Job” to only give you shifts once your “Primary Job” has released its roster. This prevents accidental overlaps that push you over the 48-hour mark.

1. The 2026 Compliance Update: The ABN Myth

One of the most dangerous myths among international students in April 2026 is that working on an Australian Business Number (ABN) or doing freelance work is “invisible” to the government.

The Reality: The Department of Home Affairs and the ATO treat ABN income and TFN wages exactly the same when calculating your 48-hour fortnightly limit. While there is a proposal to increase this limit to 60 hours in July 2026, the current legal cap for all work types is 48 hours.



2. Does Freelance Work Count Toward My 48-Hour Limit?

Why your “side hustle” might be your biggest visa risk in 2026.

Whether you are delivering food, writing code on Fiverr, or tutoring under your own ABN, you are “working.” In 2026, the definition of work for a Subclass 500 Visa is broader than ever. If you receive a benefit (money) for your time, it counts.



How Home Affairs Tracks “Invisible” Hours

Many students think that because a freelance client doesn’t report “hours” like a traditional boss, they are safe. However, in 2026, the “Silent Audit” uses Income-to-Hour Estimation:

  • The ATO Link: When you lodge your tax return or activity statement (BAS) for your ABN, the ATO sees your total income.
  • The Formula: If your ABN income is significantly higher than what a person could reasonably earn in 48 hours at average market rates, Home Affairs may issue a Notice of Intention to Consider Cancellation (NOICC), asking you to prove exactly how many hours you worked.
  • Gig App Logs: Platforms like Uber and DoorDash now share “logged-in” time data with government agencies to verify compliance with visa conditions.



What Specifically Counts as “Work”?

If you are doing any of the following, the time spent must fit into your 48-hour fortnight:

  1. Freelancing: Web design, social media management, or consulting.
  2. Gig Economy: Driving for rideshare apps or food delivery (time spent “available” on the app counts).
  3. Online Businesses: Managing an e-commerce store or dropshipping.
  4. Tutoring: Private lessons paid via bank transfer or cash.



3. Comparing TFN vs. ABN for Students (2026)

FeatureTFN (Employee)ABN (Contractor/Freelance)
Counted Toward 48 Hours?YesYes
How Hours are TrackedSingle Touch Payroll (STP)Tax Returns & App Log History
Min. Pay ProtectionsProtected by AwardsNo minimum; you set the rate.
Tax ReportingAutomatic by employerYou must report & pay tax yourself.



The “Hidden Hours” Trap

The time you spend marketing, invoicing, and communicating with clients for your freelance business technically counts toward your work limit.

Example: If you work 30 hours at a cafe (TFN) and spend 20 hours designing a website for a client (ABN), you have worked 50 hours—a breach of your visa.



4. When Freelance Work is “Unlimited”

The only times your freelance or ABN hours are not capped at 48 hours are:

  • Official Course Breaks: During summer/winter holidays, you can freelance 80+ hours a week if you wish.
  • Post-Course Completion: The period between finishing your last exam and your visa expiring.
  • Masters by Research/PhD: These students generally have unlimited work rights year-round.



5. 3 Tips for Safe Freelancing in 2026

  1. Keep a Time Log: Use an app like Toggl to record every minute you spend on freelance tasks. This is your “shield” if Home Affairs ever audits your income.
  2. Invoice Smart: Ensure your invoices don’t imply “full-time” availability during semester weeks.
  3. The July 2026 Shift: Monitor the 60-hour proposal closely. If it passes, your “safe” zone for freelancing will increase by 12 hours per fortnight.

1. The “Rolling Fortnight” Rule

The biggest mistake students make is thinking a fortnight is just “any two weeks.”

  • The Definition: A fortnight is a 14-day period starting on a Monday.
  • The “Rolling” Trap: You must not exceed 48 hours in any 14-day block. If you work 30 hours in Week 1 and 25 hours in Week 2 (Total 55), you have breached your visa, even if you work 0 hours in Week 3.
  • Master’s & PhD Exception: If you are a Masters by Research or PhD student, you have unlimited work rights and do not need to follow the 48-hour cap.



2. 2026 Pay Rates: Know Your Minimums

As of April 2026, you are legally entitled to the same minimum pay as an Australian citizen.

Employee TypeHourly Rate (Before Tax)Includes…
Permanent (Full/Part-time)$24.95Sick leave and annual leave.
Casual Student Worker$31.1925% “Casual Loading” in lieu of leave.



3. Maximizing Income via Penalty Rates

Since you are limited by hours, not dollars, the goal is to work when the pay is highest. Most students in retail or hospitality fall under a “Modern Award” (like the General Retail Industry Award).

  • Saturday Rate: ~$38 – $42 per hour (1.25x to 1.5x base).
  • Sunday Rate: $50 – $62 per hour (up to 2x base).
  • Public Holiday Rate: $65 – $78 per hour (2.25x to 2.5x base).

The “16-Hour Sunday” Strategy: Working two 8-hour Sundays at $55/hr earns you $880 for just 16 hours of work. To earn that same amount on a weekday at the minimum rate, you would have to work 35 hours.



4. What Counts as “Work”?

In 2026, the Department of Home Affairs and the ATO have high-tech data-sharing. The following activities count toward your 48 hours:

  1. Paid Training: Even if you are just sitting in a room watching safety videos.
  2. Trial Shifts: “Unpaid trials” longer than a few hours are usually illegal and still count as work.
  3. Self-Employment/Gig Work: Every minute you are logged into Uber, DoorDash, or Fiverr counts toward your limit.



5. Unlimited Work Periods

You can work unlimited hours during “scheduled course breaks.” This includes:

  • Summer and Winter holidays.
  • The period after you have finished your course but before your visa expires.
  • Note: Mid-semester “reading weeks” only count as unlimited work if your university officially lists them as a “non-study period.”

1. Registered Nurses (Aged Care & Mental Health)

Healthcare remains the #1 priority for the Australian government in 2026. If you have full work rights and a nursing degree, you are in the strongest position for immediate PR.

  • Why it’s top: Critical national shortage; fast-tracked 189/190 visa invitations.
  • Average Salary: $75,000 – $110,000 AUD.
  • 2026 Tip: Specialized roles in Aged Care often come with sign-on bonuses of up to $5,000.



2. Software Engineers & Cybersecurity Specialists

With Australia’s goal of reaching 1.2 million tech jobs by 2030, tech graduates with unlimited work rights are highly sought after by firms like Atlassian, Canva, and IBM Australia.

  • Why it’s top: High demand for AI integration and data security; high base salaries for juniors.
  • Average Salary: $85,000 – $125,000 AUD.
  • 2026 Tip: Focus on Cloud Architecture (AWS/Azure) to qualify for “Critical Sector” processing.



3. Civil & Structural Engineers

As of 2026, major infrastructure projects in Western Australia and Queensland are desperate for engineers. If you have full work rights, you can skip the internship phase and move straight into Junior Project Engineer roles.

  • Why it’s top: Long-term job security on government-funded transport and housing projects.
  • Average Salary: $80,000 – $115,000 AUD.
  • 2026 Tip: Regional roles (outside Sydney/Melbourne) offer extra points for your PR application.



4. Secondary & Early Childhood Teachers

Teacher shortages have reached a structural peak in 2026. The government has prioritized teaching visas, often issuing invitations with lower points than corporate roles.

  • Why it’s top: Consistent demand in every state; high social impact and job stability.
  • Average Salary: $72,000 – $95,000 AUD.
  • 2026 Tip: STEM teachers (Maths/Science) are eligible for specific state-based retention grants in 2026.



5. Construction Project Managers

Australia’s housing crisis in 2026 has led to a massive surge in residential construction. Graduates who can bridge the gap between site work and office management are premium hires.

  • Why it’s top: High salary ceiling; listed on the Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL).
  • Average Salary: $85,000 – $130,000 AUD.
  • 2026 Tip: Ensure you have your White Card and relevant safety certifications before applying to speed up the hiring process.



2026 Salary Comparison Table

Job RoleEntry Level (AUD)PR ProspectPrimary Location Demand
Registered Nurse$78,000+Very HighNationwide / Regional
Software Developer$88,000+HighSydney / Melbourne / Remote
Civil Engineer$82,000+HighPerth / Brisbane / Adelaide
Secondary Teacher$75,000+Very HighRegional NSW / Victoria
Construction PM$90,000+Medium-HighBrisbane / Gold Coast

1. Current 2026 Wait Time Estimates

Wait times fluctuate based on your location and the time of year (February and July are “peak” months due to semester endings).

LocationAverage Wait for AppointmentResult Upload Time
Major Cities (Sydney/Melb)2 – 4 Weeks5 Business Days
Regional Centres (Adelaide/Perth)1 – 3 Weeks5 Business Days
Urgent/Cancellation SlotsWithin 48 Hours5 Business Days

  • The “5-Day” Rule: Once your appointment is finished, Bupa typically transmits your digital results to the Department of Home Affairs within 5 business days.
  • The “90-Day” Exception: If you require a TB Clinic referral or additional specialist tests, your results could be delayed by 3 months or more.



2. 2026 Pricing Guide

Medical fees have seen a slight increase in 2026. Expect the following standard costs (including GST):

  • Medical Examination Only: ~$400 AUD
  • Medical + Chest X-ray (Standard 485): ~$550 AUD
  • Additional Blood Tests (e.g., HIV/Hep B): ~$85 – $100 AUD per test.



3. How to “Hack” the Wait Times

If the first available appointment is 6 weeks away, don’t panic. Use these 2026 strategies:

  1. The 8 AM Refresh: Bupa’s booking portal often releases cancellation slots early in the morning. Log in at 8:00 AM AEST to snag a spot for the following day.
  2. Broaden Your Radius: If you are in Sydney CBD, check the Parramatta or Wollongong clinics. A one-hour train ride could save you three weeks of waiting.
  3. Upload Your “Evidence of Booking”: If your Student Visa is expiring and you haven’t done your medicals, upload your Bupa Booking Confirmation to your ImmiAccount. This proves to your case officer that you are taking action.



4. What to Bring to Your 2026 Appointment

To avoid being turned away (and losing your fee), you must have:

  • Original Passport: (Expired passports are accepted only if they expired within the last 2 years).
  • HAP ID Referral Letter: Printed or on your phone.
  • Prescription Glasses/Contacts: If you use them for the eye exam.
  • Specialist Reports: If you have a known chronic condition (e.g., Diabetes, Heart Condition), bring a recent report from your doctor to prevent a “Medical Officer of the Commonwealth” (MOC) delay.

1. The “Age 35” Cut-off (Standard Rule)

For the vast majority of international students, including those completing a Bachelor’s degree or a Master’s by Coursework, the age limit is strictly 35.

  • The Logic: The Australian government shifted this policy to ensure that the 485 visa is used by “early-career” professionals who have a longer potential contribution period to the Australian economy.
  • The Deadline: You must be 35 or under on the day the Department of Home Affairs receives your application.



2. The Exceptions: Who Can Apply Up to Age 50?

There are three specific groups who are exempt from the 35-year cap and can apply until the day they turn 50:

  • Masters by Research Graduates: If your degree is a Master of Philosophy (MPhil) or any Master’s degree designated as “Research” by your university.
  • Doctoral Degree (PhD) Graduates: Given the time-intensive nature of a PhD, doctoral graduates are permitted to apply until age 50.
  • Hong Kong & BNO Passport Holders: Under special bilateral arrangements, holders of Hong Kong SAR or British National (Overseas) passports remain eligible up to age 50.



3. 2026 Eligibility Summary Table

Qualification / ProfileAge Limit in 2026Visa Duration
Bachelor Degree35 or Under2 Years
Master’s by Coursework35 or Under2 Years
Master’s by Research50 or Under3 Years
Doctoral Degree (PhD)50 or Under3 Years
Indian Nationals (AI-ECTA)35 or Under*2 – 4 Years (depending on degree)
HK / BNO Passport Holders50 or Under5 Years

*The age limit for Indian nationals remains 35 for coursework degrees, despite the extended stay durations granted by the AI-ECTA trade agreement.



4. Options if You are Over 35 and Ineligible

If you have finished a Master’s by Coursework and are already 36, the 485 pathway is likely closed. In 2026, you should pivot to these alternatives immediately:

  • Subclass 482 (Temporary Skill Shortage): If you have an employer willing to sponsor you and you have at least 2 years of relevant work experience.
  • Subclass 407 (Training Visa): A 2-year visa that allows you to take part in workplace-based occupational training. This is a common “bridge” for mature students to gain the experience needed for a 482 visa.
  • Subclass 190 / 491 (Skilled Migration): If your occupation is in high demand, you may be able to skip the 485 and apply directly for state-nominated residency (though the points test becomes harder as you age).